Tuning
A piano technician will begin a tuning by tuning one note (generally A4 to 440HTz). Then an octave will be tuned between F3 and F4 using a series of tuning intervals and checking intervals referencing form A4 (creating an equal temperament). After the tuner is satisfied with the tuning of the temperament they will begin tuning the remain notes of the piano using octave intervals and other checking intervals referencing from the temperament.
A piano should be tuned regularly to not only provide the best musical quality but to also extend the playable life of the piano.
Pitch Raise
A pitch raise is necessary when a piano has not been receiving regular tuning and the pitch has dropped significantly.
Regulation
Regulation involves the manipulation and adjustments of the mechanical and hundreds moving parts mostly associated with the action of a piano. These parts should be set to precise measurements to enable the player maximum control over the piano and develop an even and confutable feel over the entire keyboard.
Regulation should be preformed regularly on a piano to receive highly the maximum performance from this highly tuned instrument. It is recommended to regulate a piano every 3-5 years (depending on the regularity of usage) to enable the piano to preform at its best.